Cross rolling



July 2, 1940. P. B. ABRAMSENQ CROSS ROLLING Filed Aug. 11, 1958 3 Sheets-Sheet l INVENTOR Peffer- B.Abramsen July 2, 194%. P. B. ABRAMsEN GROSS ROLLING 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Aug. 11, 1938 INVENTOR Peffer-BAbra/nsen MAM-7 5 Shet s-Sheet 3 P. B. ABRAMSEN GROSS ROLLING Filed Aug. 11, 1938 July 2, 1940.-

INVENTQR Peffer B. Abramsen 14 T1 6 /M 6 I? 2 8 9 7V2 a Patented July 2, 1940 umrrso STATES PATENT OFFICE n .amsso r oaoss some 'PG2;I n. Abramsen, Dormant, Pa.; Gudrun administrntrlxo! 8816 Potter B.

ramsen, Abramsen, deceased, enigmaof one-half to Frederic Schaefer, Pittsburgh, Pa.

Application August 11,1938, Serial a... zzssos SGIalms.

provide an improved machine of the cross-rolling type for sizing and straightening bars,.rounds or the like. The apparatus which I provide is such as to permit sizing and straightening oi the material to a much greater extent and with greater ease than can be accomplished in any of the presently known cross-rolling machines. I have -found that guide rounds, for example rounds ing them. In the carrying out of the method and y in the employment of the apparatus disclosed in said copending application some diiliculty has heretofore been experienced in maintaining the rounds or the like in the roll pass. Where, as in the carrying out of the invention disclosed in the aforesaid copending application, the first roll pass consists of cross rolls having cylindrical material engaging faces there is a very definite tendency for the material to work to one side or the other of the roll pass. This condition is most prevalent where the center pass of the three passes is out of line with the other two passes for bringing about the desired straightening. .When the rolls in the cylindrical pass are freshly ground and have not been used to a sufficient extent to cause appreciable wear, the material will be held in proper position in the roll pass but as the rolls begin to wear to an appreciable extent the tendency of the material to slide of! the rolls becomes more marked. Side guides may, 0! course, be used to hold the material in proper position between the cross rolls but the use of side guides has been found unsatisfactory. The guides wear appre ciably and the material is rendered nonuniform.

The present invention provides a solution to this problem of maintaining the rounds in proper position in the roll pass and constitutes a substantial improvement over the subject-matter oi the aforesaid application. V

In accordance with the present invention I provide a cross-rolling machine 0! the type disclosed in my aforesaid application. The one pass,

preferably the first pass, is provided with rolls having cylindrical working faces and the succeeding passes are provided with rolls having concave working faces, the concavity oi the rolls increasing progressively throughout the machine. For example, where three pairs of cross rolls are uti- 5 lized the first pass may be cylindrical and the next 'two passes provided with cross rolls having concave working faces, the degree of concavity in the rolls of the last or third pass being greater than that of the rolls of the second pass. The second it pass in a machine of this character is preferably adjustable so that it can be positioned out of line with. the passes formed by the first and third pairs of cross rolls so as to provide for straightening of the material.

In accordance with my invention the rolls, which are provided with cylindrical working faces, are provided with shoulders immediately adjacent the cylindrical working face of each roll and these shoulders engage the material and prevent m it from escaping from the pass.

In operation the first stand or pair of rolls pro. vides point contact between the work piece and the rolls due to the fact that the working face is cylindrical. This point contact is conducive to W flow of metal in the bar. or round without any tendency to open it up at the center. The rolls of the second stand are slightly concave and this results in the rolls of this stand engaging the material over a greater length, but as the round has been previously worked upon by truly cylindrical rolls there is no tendency to open up the material at the center. The same is true with V respect to the rolls of the third stand. By the time the material reaches this stand. of rolls it has been previously subjected to working operations without any upsetting of the center thereof and the increased concavity oi. the third set of rolls will not cause rupture of the center of the material worked upon.

While my invention is not limited to any particular degree of concavity of the rolls of the second and third passes and while my invention is not limited to the use of anyparticular number of passes, I have found it desirable to make the 45 rolls of the second and third passes of sufficient concavity ,to insure against any markings or -spiral indentations on the material due to its In the drawings:

Figure 1 is a complete plan view of a :mill embodying my invention;

Figure 2 is a horizontal section in the plane oithe axis of the spindle oi. the lower rolls;

Figure 3 is a vertical sectional view taken along the line III-III or Figm'e 1; 4

Figure 4 is a vertical section taken along the line ,IV-IV of Figure 2;

Figure 5 is a vertical sectional view taken along the line V-V of Figure 1;

Figure 6 is a vertical sectional view taken along the line VI-VI of Figure 2; v

Figure 7 is a plan view showing the arrangement oi. the rolls in the first pass; and I Figure 8 is a partial perspective view showing the first pass 01' the apparatps shown in Figure 1. In the machine shown in the drawings the housing is formed in two parts, a lower portion entirely separated from each other along the pass line so as to permit ready access to the interior of the machine. Adjusting mechanism hereinafter more fully described is provided so that the lower rolls in each pair of cross rolls may be adjusted vertically for adjusting the pass to permit. rolling of various sizes of rounds. Adjusting mechanism is also provided for the upper roll in the intermediate or idler pass so as to permit adjustment of the pass formed by the idler rolls relative to the pass formed by the other two pairs oi! rolls. This not only permits the adjustment of the size of the pass between V the idler rolls but it also permits the adjustment of the pass formed by the two idler rolls relative to the line of travel of the material. This is of considerable advantage in the straightening oi. rounds.

The lower rolls4 and 5 of the first and third passes, respectively, and the lower rolls 5 of the, intermediate or idler pass are provided withnecks I which are mounted in roller bearings 3 which are mounted in chock blocks 3 in windows ID in the housing. One of the necks I on each 0! the lower rolls 4 and 5 is provided with a cruciform shaped portion II for connection to a spindle i2 by an ordinary Wobbler connection i3. Each of the spindles I2 is arranged to be driven by a motor I4 through a pinion gear l5 and driven gears l6 fordriving the roll. Each of the rolls 4 and 5 may be adjusted vertically in the housing by means of a wedge l1 appropriately connected by a pin l8 to a threaded rod l9. Each rod I9 is threaded through a rotary block mounted in the lower portion 2 of the housing. Each rotary block 20 is provided with a hand wheel 2| which is rigidly secured thereto so as to facilitate rotation of the block. Rotation of the block 20 will move the threaded rod IS in one direction or another so as to appropriately raise or lower the roll by means of the wedge II. A look nut 22 is threaded on the outer end of each rod l9 so as to prevent relative movement between the threaded rod l9 and the threaded block 20 when itis desired to hold the roll pass in any adjusted position.

The idler roll 6 is not provided with a cruelform end portion as it is preferably not conaaoemso nected to driving mechanism suchas that utilized for driving the rolls 4 and 5. However, ad-' same as that shown for the driven rolls 4 and 5 it will be unnecessary to specifically describe it herein.

The upper rolls a and 24 m the first and third passes, respectively, are driven as are the lower rolls in these passes. The upperroll 25 in the intermediate pass is not driven. The upper roll 25, is provided with necks 23 which are mounted in roller bearings 21 mounted in chock blocks 28 in windows 23 in the upper portion 3 of the housing. The chock blocks are provided with recessed portions 33 adapted to cooperate with supporting rods 3| extending upwardly through openings 32 in the housing. Springs 33 are provided adjacent the upper end oi! thesupporting rods 3| and one end of each spring is adapted to bear against a bearing block 34 carried by the housing. The upper end 01 each of the springs 33 is adapted to cooperate with a cupshaped member 35 which is held in position over each spring by appropriate nuts 36 threaded on the upper threaded ends of the rods 3|.

In order to permit of appropriate vertical adjustment of the roll 25 so as to permit adjustment of the intermediate pass relative to the pass formed by the other two pairs of rolls, a wedge 31 is interposed between the chock blocks and the housing, which wedge may be moved in one direction or another in order to raise or lower the roll. The wedge 31 is connected by a pin 38 to a rod 39 having a threaded portion 40 threaded in a rotary block 4| carried by the housing. The rotary block 4| is provided with a hand wheel 42 for facilitating rotation thereof and for effecting movement of the rod 39 in one direction or another for adjusting the roll. A look nut 43 maintains the wheel 42 in any adjusted position.

The upper driven rolls 23 and 24 are mounted in the upper portion 3 01 the housing in a manintermediate roll- 25 except that provision is not made for vertical adjustment of these rolls. As shown in Figures 1 and 5 the rolls 23 and 24 are provided with necks and 5|. The necks 50 and 5| are each mounted in appropriate roller bearings which in turn are mounted in chock blocks 52 mounted in windows 53 in the housing. These chock blocks are maintained in fixed position by means of bolts 54 which are held in position by nuts 55 and 53.

The necks 5| of the rolls 23 and 24 are provided with Wobbler drive connections 51 for connection to spindles 58. The spindles 58 are driven by a motor 59 to a pinion gear 60 and driven gear 6|. An appropriate connection 32 is provided between each of the spindles 58 and the shafts upon which the gears Bl are mounted.

Hinges are mounted upon the upper and lower portions of the mill housing so that the upper portion may be swung upwardly to. permit access to the rolls for examination and for replacement. 1.;

The spindles 58 which are utilized fo pdriving the rolls 23 and 24 and the driving mechanism are arranged so that they lie along the axes of their respective rolls and alsoso that they are substantially parallel with each other. This, arrangement permits 01' a greatly simplified drivher somewhat similar to the mounting for the ing mechanism for the rolls 23 and 24 may, by virtue of this arrangement, be driven from a common motor without an extensive gear train, the driving beingefiected by a single pinion til cooperating with driven gears 6i mounted on shafts which are connected directly to the Wobblers. The same is true with respect to the drive for the lower rolls. In this connection the spindles 12 extend axially of the roll and substantially parallel with each other and may be readily connected by a very simple mechanism to a single driving motor.

The working face of each of the rolls t and 23 forming the first pass is substantially cylindrical. On each side of the working face of each of the rolls l and 23 shoulders t and 23' are tween the working faces and the material sized.

The rolls 6 and 25 forming the second pass have working faces which are slightly concave so that as the material passes between these rolls line contact is obtained between the roll faces and the material. As pointed out above these rolls are normally out of line with the rolls in the first and third' pass and straightening thereby effected. In addition these rolls aid in rolling down any indentations placed on the material by the first pair of rolls. The rolls 5 and 24 forming the third pair are still more concave than the rolls in the second pass and as the material passes between these rolls the material is effectively smoothed.

I have found that where apparatus. of the character which I have just described is employed bars, rods or the like may be sized and straightened as efiectlvely and-far more cheaply than can be obtained in a cold drawing operaticn. I have found that it is relatively easy to size and straighten guide rounds within their usual tolerances so that after being worked upon they will be truly circular within approximately one thousandth of an inch. I have also found that by this method of working the hardness and ductility of the material can be controlled.

My invention is not limited to the particular apparatus described above as itmay be otherwise embodied within the scopeof the appended claims.

I'claim:

l. A mill for sizing and straightening rounds or the like, comprising a plurality of cross rolls arranged to form successive roll passes, the rolls in one pass having substantially cylindrical working faces and raised shoulders adjacent the cylindrical working faces and the Working faces of the rolls in at least one of the succeeding passes being concave, and means for driving at least one pair of rolls.

2. A mill ,for sizing and straightening rounds or the like, comprising a plurality of pairs of cross rolls forming successive roll passes, the rolls in the initial pass having substantially cylindrical working faces and raised shoulders abutting said working faces, and the working faces of the rolls' in the succeeding passes being concave and arranged to engage increasingly longer portions of the material, and means for driving at least one .pair of the rolls.

.3. A mill for sizing and straightening rounds or the like, comprising a plurality of pairs of cross rolls forming successive roll passes, the rolls in one of said passes having substantially cylindrical working faces and guiding shoulders abutting said working faces and the working faces of the rolls in at least one of the succeeding passes being concave, and means for driving at least one pair of rolls.

4. A mill for sizing and straightening rounds or the like, comprising a plurality of pairs of cross rolls forming successive roll passes, the rolls in one of said passes having substantially cylindrical working faces and guiding shoulders abutting said working faces and the working faces 01 the rolls in at least one of the succeeding passes being concave, means for driving at least one pair of rolls, and means for adjusting at least one cross roll in each pass relative to the other cross roll.

5. A mill for sizing and straightening rounds or the like comprising a plurality of pairs of cross rolls forming successive roll passes, the working faces of the cross rolls in one pair being substantially cylindrical and said rolls being provided with at least one shoulder abutting the working face, and the working faces oi. the cross rolls-in a succeeding pair being concave.

x PETTE'R B. ABRAMSEN. 

